The Philippines is currently facing a serious public health emergency due to the concerning surge of pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, in the country. Recent declarations of localized outbreaks, particularly in Quezon City and Iloilo City, and reported cases in several regions have raised a heightened alert among health authorities and communities, prompting urgent action to combat the spread of this infectious disease. 

According to the Department of Health (DOH), over 400 pertussis cases were recorded in the first 10 weeks of 2024 alone, which marks a significant increase compared to previous years, with only 23 cases reported in 2023, 2 in 2022, 7 in 2021, 27 in 2020, and 52 cases in 2019.

The resurgence of pertussis in the country is mainly attributed to the delays in routine primary-care immunization programs during the COVID-19 pandemic. This emphasizes the need to catch up on vaccinations to prevent the further spread of the disease.

Pertussis, locally referred to as “tuspirina” or “ubong-dalahit,” is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. It is transmitted easily among close contacts through airborne droplets released when an infected person sneezes or coughs. 

Initial symptoms of pertussis usually manifest within 7 to 10 days after infection. These include flu-like symptoms such as mild fever, runny nose, and coughing, which progresses into a more severe and persistent cough fit, often accompanied by a distinctive “whooping” sound upon inhalation, that may last up to 10 weeks or more. 

Although pertussis can affect people of any age, babies and children are at the highest risk, especially those who have not yet received vaccinations, which can pose severe and potentially fatal complications, including apnea, pneumonia, convulsions, and brain disease.

On the other hand, whooping cough tends to be milder in teens and adults than in infants, particularly those who have received the vaccination, but may also develop complications such as pneumonia, fainting, rib fractures, and unintentional weight loss. 

Despite the rise in whooping cough rates, health authorities clarified that the country will not undergo lockdown measures similar to those implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Instead, they urge the public to remain vigilant and adopt preventive measures to protect against respiratory infections.

As stated by the World Health Organization (WHO), the most effective way to prevent pertussis is through immunization. Vaccination not only protects individuals from contracting the disease but also helps reduce its spread within communities.

Infants and young children should receive the recommended doses of the pertussis vaccine as part of their routine immunization schedule. Additionally, teens and adults should have booster doses, as immunity from childhood vaccinations can wear off over time.

In addition to vaccination, practicing good hygiene habits can help prevent the spread of pertussis. This includes frequently washing hands with soap and water, especially after coughing or sneezing, wearing face masks, and avoiding close contact with individuals who are sick.

Furthermore, if you suspect yourself to have pertussis, it is advisable to immediately seek the assistance of a doctor for a diagnosis and early treatment with antibiotics. It is also encouraged to stay home when sick until you are no longer contagious. 

The impacts of the pertussis outbreak in the Philippines can be far-reaching, but it is still manageable. We can stand resilient against the control of this disease as we arm ourselves with awareness, prevention, and protection.